High potential extracts from cocoa byproducts through sonotrode optimal extraction and a comprehensive characterization
【Abstract】
Sonotrode-based extraction was used for the recovery of bioactive compounds from CBS and CPH.
The RSM coupled to BBD was used to optimize the CBS and CPH extraction.
Optimum conditions were 15 min, 80 % amplitude, and 50 % ethanol.
Identification of 39 compounds in CBS and 40 compounds in CPH by LC-ESI-qTOF-MS.
The main classes of bioactive compounds were organic acids, fatty acids, glycosides, flavonoids and procyanidins.
Cocoa pod husk (CPH) and cocoa bean shell (CBS) are by-products obtained during pre-processing and processing of cocoa beans. Several bioactive compounds have been identified in these by-products that can be used for commercial applications as a way to promote the circular economy. Therefore, the objective of this paper was to recover bioactive compounds from CPH and CBS by sonoextraction process, to determine the type, content, and antioxidant activity in optimized extracts. To achieve our purpose, an optimization strategy using Box-Behnken Design coupled response surface methodology (MRS) was applied. The extraction conditions were optimized. The results obtained for CBS were: TPC (193 mg GAE/g), TEAC (1.02 mmol TE/g), FRAP (1.02 mmol FeSO4/g) and ORAC (2.6 mmol TE/g), while for CPH, the reported values were: TPC (48 mg GAE/g), TEAC (0.30 mmol TE/g), FRAP (0.35 mmol FeSO4/g) and ORAC (0.43 mmol TE/g) under the optimized conditions: Time (XA): 15 min, Amplitude (XB): 80 %, Ethanol (XC): 50 %. The LC-ESI-qTOF-MS analysis results allowed the identification of 79 compounds, of which 39 represent the CBS extract, while 40 compounds were identified in CPH extract. To conclude, sonotrode based extraction could be considered as an efficient and fast alternative for the recovery of bioactive substances from CBS and CPH.
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【Author】
Fernando Ramos-Escudero,Alejandro Rojas-García,María de la Luz Cádiz-Gurrea,Antonio Segura-Carretero
【Keywords】
Cocoa by-products, Sonoextraction, Antioxidants, Response surface methodology, Extraction optimization, Metabolites 
【Journal】
Ultrasonics Sonochemistry(IF：7.3) Time：2024-04-27
